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Objective@#To examine the effect of posterior reduction in atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) associated with basilar invagination(BI) using Xuanwu occipital-cervical fusion system in single stage.@*Methods@#Thirty-seven AAD accompanied with BI cases treated at Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical Universiy and the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University were retrospective analyzed. There were 15 males and 22 females with age of (42.3±12.3) years (range: 18-69 years). All the cases had congenital osseous abnormalities, such as assimilation of atlas and abnormal cervical fusion. Anterior tissue was released through posterior route followed by cage implantation into facet joint and occipital-cervical fixation with cantilever technique. The clinical results were evaluated using Japanese Orthopedic Association scale(JOA) and the main radiological measurements including anterior atlantodental interval (ADI), the distance of odontoid tip above Chamberlain line, clivus-canal angle(CCA) and the length of syrinx were collected. The preoperative and postoperative JOA score and radiological measurements were compared by paired t-test.@*Results@#The mean JOA score of the patients increased from 10.5 to 14.4 at the one-year follow-up(t=14.3, P=0.00). Complete reduction of AAD and BI was achieved in 34 patients.The mean clivus-canal angle improved from (118.0±6.5) degrees preoperative to (143.7±5.0) degrees postoperative(t=6.2, P=0.00). Shrinkage of the syrinx was observed 1 week after surgery in 24 patients, and 6 months in 31 patients.Twenty-eight patients achieved bone fusion 6 months after surgery. All the patients achieved bone fusion 12 months after surgery. One-side vertebral artery occlusion was diagnosed in 1 case postoperatively for transient dizziness, and relieved in 2 weeks.Two patients developed moderate neck pain after surgery, and relieved in 1 month. No implant failure, spacer subsidence or infection was observed.@*Conclusions@#The treatment of AAD associated with BI using Xuanwu occipital-cervical fusion system from posterior approach in single stage is effective and safe. Cage implantation intraarticularly and fixation with cantilever technique achieve complete reduction in most cases.
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Background and purpose:MicroRNA (miRNA) belongs to a class of 19 to 30 nucleotide-long, endogenous noncoding RNA expressed in eukaryotes and predominantly inhibits gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The miRNAs play critical roles in cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis, metabolism, and immune regulation. This study aimed to detect the expression of miR-216a-5p in lung cancer tissues and lung cancer cell lines, and to discuss the effects of miR-216a-5p on the invasion ability of lung cancer cells and the mechanism.Methods:Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-216a-5p in lung cancer tissues of 55 cases and 7 lung cancer cell lines. Three lung cancer cell lines of A549, 95D and H460 were transiently transfected by miR-216a-5p, and Transwell was used to detect the effects of miR-216a-5p on the invasion of lung cancer cell lines. The dual luciferase reporter plasmids containing the miR-216a-5p candidate target gene and the gene of matrix metalloproteinase 16 (MMP16) were predicted and constructed. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the changes in mRNA and protein levels of target geneMMP16 by miR-216a-5p. The interference of MMP16 by siRNA and up-regulation miR-216a-5p by transfection were compared on the invasion of lung cancer cells.Results:The miR-216a-5p expression levels were all signiifcantly reduced in 90.91% (50 of 55 patients) tumor tissues compared with corresponding adjacent normal lung tissues (P<0.05). The miR-216a-5p expression levels were only 7.00%-32.00%in 7 lung cancer cells compared with the control group (P<0.05). Up-regulation of the expression of miR-216a-5p inhibited the invasion of lung cancer cells; interference of MMP16 by siRNA, as well as up-regulating miR-216a-5p by transfection, inhibited the expression of MMP16 in lung cancer leading to inhibition of the invasion of lung cancer cells. Conclusion:miR-216a-5p can be a candidate marker in clinical diagnosis and it can inhibit the invasion of lung cancer cells by down-regulating the expression of MMP16.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of wild-type p53-induced gene 1 (WIG-1) on the regulation of multi-drug resistance in small cell lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expressions of WIG-1 protein and gene were detected by Western blot and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) in both the drug-sensitive H69 and drug-resistant H69AR cell lines, respectively. Meanwhile, the differential expression of WIG-1 was also detected in peripheral blood samples of responders and non-responder patients. Furthermore, the WIG-1 expression was inhibited by siRNA in H69AR cells, then the drug-sensitivities of H69AR cells to chemotherapy agents such as ADM, DDP, VP-16 were detected by CCK8 assay, and apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. The possible association of WIG-1 with clinical parameters was evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of WIG-1 was significantly increased in H69AR cells (5.965 ± 0.890) than that in the H69 cells (1.023 ± 0.127) (P = 0.007). The expression of WIG-1 was significantly increased in the non-responder patients (4.169 ± 0. 970) than in the H69 cells and responders (1.673 ± 0.127) (P < 0.001). The drug-sensitivities of H69AR cells to chemotherapeutic drugs were increased when the expression of the WIG-1 was down-regulated. The apoptosis rate was significantly decreased in the H69AR cells (1.037 ± 0.049)% compared with that in the H69 cells [(7.963 ± 0.097)%, (P < 0.01)]. The apoptosis rate was increased in the H69AR-Si-WIG-1 cells (20.915 ± 0.890)% than that of (1.037 ± 0.049)% in the H69AR and H69AR-NC group (2.025 ± 0.097)% (P < 0.01). The expression of WIG-1 was not significantly associated with gender, and age (P > 0.05), but significantly correlated with chemosensitivity, overall survival and clinical stage (P < 0.001 for all).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our results suggest that WIG-1 is involved in the regulation of the multidrug resistance mechanism in small cell lung cancer. Selective silencing of the WIG-1 gene may reverse the multidrug resistance of SCLC via increasing cell apoptosis.</p>
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Humans , Antineoplastic Agents , Apoptosis , DNA-Binding Proteins , Metabolism , Down-Regulation , Drug Resistance, Multiple , Drug Resistance, Neoplasm , Physiology , Etoposide , Lung Neoplasms , Metabolism , Nuclear Proteins , Metabolism , RNA, Small Interfering , Small Cell Lung Carcinoma , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objeetive To explore the analgesic and hemostatic effect of lidocaine gelatin fiber used after endoscopic sinus surgery.Methods 86 patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery were randomly divided into A and B groups.In A group,20％ lidocaine gelatin fiber and expansion hemostatic sponge was packed into 43 patients' nasalcavity,while in B group,only expansion hemostatic sponge was packed.Nasal bleeding in patients while packed material within 24 hours and when extracted the material were observed.The analgesic effects were evaluated after packing material 1,6,12,and 24 hours after surgery.Results In A group,the amount of bleeding was (16.30 ± 5.19)ml,while the amount was(32.30 ± 12.09) ml in group B.Statistical analysis showed significant difference(t =7.97,P ＜0.05).There were no significant differences in nasal bleeding when extracted the stuffing and in analgesic efficiency 1hour after surgery.But the analgesic efficiency of lidocaine gelatin fiber was 20％,which was better than expansion hemostatic sponge 6 ～24 hours after surgery (t =27.163,29.091,16.241,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Lidocaine gelatin fiber not only had better hemostasis,but also had better analgesia than expansion hemostatic sponge after endoscopic sinus surgery.
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Physiology course has become an important teaching part of non-medical professions in medical colleges,but there are no normative teaching textbooks and the corresponding teaching syllabus for these non-medical professions,which causes teaching contents chaos and affects the teaching effect.According to their attributes and characteristics,the research group explores continuously the physiology teaching contents suitable for non-medical professions,pays attention to contents settings which are common-sense,practical,systematic and flexible,in order to promote physiology teaching development in non-medical professions.
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Objective To investigate the effect of controlled hypotension with nitroglycerin on intraocular pressure(IOP)during gynecological laparoscopic surgery.Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 25-55 yr,weighing 55-70 kg,undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery,were randomly divided into 2 groups(n =20 each):control group(group C)and controlled hypotension with nitroglycerin group(group N).Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of midaaolam 0.1 mg/kg,fentanyl 3 μg/kg,vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg and etomidate 0.3 mg/kg and maintained with iv infusion of propofol at 8 mg· kg-1 · h-1 and vecuronium at 0.1 mg· kg 1 · h-1.Additional fentanyl 2 μg/kg was injected intravenously at 3 min before the starting of surgery.The patients was tracheal intuhated and mechanically ventilation.PETCO2 was maintained at 35-40 mm Hg.BIS value was maintained at 50-60.Controlled hypotension was induced by infusion of nitroglycerin at 2-4 μg· kg-1 · min-1 after the starting of surgery.CVP was maintained at 12-14 cm H2 O.Controlled hypotension was stopped at the end of operation.IOP and CVP were recorded before induction(To),at 3 min after tracheal intubation(T1),at 10,30,60,90 and 120 m in of pneumoperitoneum(T2-6)and at 10 min after pneumoperitoneum(T7).Intraocular hypertension(IOP ＞ 21mm Hg)was also recorded.Results Compared with group C,IOP at T3-6 and CVP at T2-6 were significantly decreased,and the incidence of intraocular hypertension was also decreased in group N(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Controlled hypotesion with nitroglycerin can prevent the intraocular hypertension effectively during gynecological laparoscopic surgery.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the vasorelaxant effect of procyanidin (PC) extracted from grape seeds on rabbit thoracic pulmonic rings in vitro.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Rabbits thoracic pulmonic rings were isolated, pre-contracted with noradrenalin (NA) and their responses to different concentrations of PC were investigated. The effects of endothelium and different signaling pathway inhibitors on PC-induced relaxation, including nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA), methylene blue (MB), prostaglandin synthase inhibitor indomethacin (Indo) and blockage of the adrenergic beta-receptor propranolol (Prop), were also assessed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>PC change the resting tension of rabbit's pulmonic rings but caused an obvious dose-dependent relaxation in 1 x 10(-6) mol x L(-) NA precontracted pulmonic rings (r = 0.69, P < 0.01). The relaxant effect of PC was significantly reduced by removal of endothelium or by treatment with either 1 x 10(-4) mol x L(-1) L-NNA or 1 x 10(-5) mol L(-1) MB, but not by treatment with prostaglandin synthase inhibitor or blockage of the adrenergic beta-receptor. In addition, PC (20 mg x L(-1)) dropped the dose-effect curves of NA, KCl and respectively on pulmonic rings denuded endothelium. PC can also inhibit the vasoconstriction caused by NA in the first phase, but has no impact on the constriction induced by CaCl2 in the second phase.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PC has an endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation on isolated rabbit's pulmonic rings, which is possibly mediated by nitric oxide (NO) pathways and blockage of receptor operated and voltage dependent calcium channels.</p>
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Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Rabbits , Disease Models, Animal , Heart Diseases , Drug Therapy , In Vitro Techniques , Proanthocyanidins , Pharmacology , Pulmonary Artery , Random Allocation , Vasodilation , Vasodilator Agents , PharmacologyABSTRACT
Combined with the advantages of traditional teaching methods and problem-based teaching methods,this study proposed setting a teaching-need oriented,multimedia optimized and interactive teaching method and thus helped students understand life phenomenon dialectically and build their own study methods appropriately.
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The centres of functional experiment in whole medical colleges accept many new teachers every year,and it is a problem how to improve the new teachers' teaching quality as soon as possible.We have gradually summarized an effective model of training the new teachers in functional science experiment based on the long-term effort.
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Objective:To assess the relationship between the characteristic of drug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii and the syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in intensive care unit(ICU).Methods:Sixty-six strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were isolated from sputum specimens of patients in our ICU from March 2005 to February 2006.The data of the drug sensitivity test in vitro was analyzed.The relation between the syndrome of TCM and drug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii was probed.Results:The 66 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were drug resistant to multiple kinds of anti-bacterial drugs(sensitivity rate
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BACKGROUND: Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) of certain dosage plays a protective role in the pancreatic islets damaged by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and there are different effects of FDP of low and high dosages.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of FDP of low and high dosages on the islet cells damaged by IL-1β.DESIGN: A grouped design and controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Department of Physiology, North Sichuan Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiments were carried out in the Tumor Laboratory and Central Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Surgery, North Sichuan Medical College between July 2004 and February 2006. Twenty Wistar rats within 1-3 days after birth were selected.METHODS: The pancreases of the rats were removed to collect islet cells, and then the cells were divided into normal control group, IL-1β damaged group, IL-1β+1, 25, 50 mmol/L FDP groups. The cellular activity was detected with methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium (MTT) assay, basic amount of insulin secretion and that stimulated by high glucose with radioimmunoassay, content of nitric oxide and activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) with nitric oxide and NOS kits, and the with [Ca2+]i with Fura-2fluorescent assay.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Activity of islet cells; basic amount of insulin secretion and that stimulated by high glucose; content of nitric oxide and activity of NOS; [Ca2+]i.RESULTS: ① The activities (A values) of the islet cells in the IL-1β damaged group, IL-1β+1, 25, 50 mmol/L FDP groups were obviously lower than that in the normal control group (0.116±0.012, 0.129±0.008, 0.125±0.015, 0.120±0.016, 0.252±0.020, P ＜ 0.01). The activities (A values) of the islet cellswere not significantly different from that in the IL-1β damaged group (P ＞ 0.05) when the FDP dosage was too low (1 mmol/L) or too high (25 mmol/L). ② The basic amount of insulin secretion and that stimulated by glucose were significantly lower in the IL-1β damaged group, IL-1β+1, 25, 50 mmol/L FDP groups than in the normal control group [(237.00±22.21), (230.83±11.58), (225.16±12.46), (220.50±15.63),(425.67 ±16.85) mIU/L; (90.17 ±6.11), (96.62 ±8.64), (87.66-±8.24),(85.46±9.59), (204.50±10.78) mIU/L, P ＜ 0.01], and there were no significant differences between the FDP groups of Iow and high dosages and the IL-1β damaged group (P ＞ 0.05). ③ The NOS activity and content of nitric oxide in the supernatant were obviously higher in the IL-1β damaged group than in the normal control group [(332.07±25.34), (144.86±12.17) μkat/L;(457.64±19.29), (84.67±10.23) μmol/L, P ＜ 0.01], and those in the IL-1β+1, 25, 50 mmol/L FDP groups were not significantly different from those in the IL-1β damaged group. ④ The [Ca2+]i concentration in islet cells was obviously higher in the IL-1β damaged group than in the norrmal control group [(328.50±26.28), (73.42±1.79) nmol/L, P ＜ 0.01], but obviously lower in the IL-1β+1, 25, 50 mmol/L FDP groups than in the IL-1β damaged group [(152.72± 11.86), (216.39±15.32), (233.61±21.76),(328.50±26.28) nmol/L, P ＜ 0.01].CONCLUSION: FDP of low and high dosages can not protect the islet cells damaged by IL-1β.
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Objective To investigate the protective role of FDP to STZ induced islest apoptosis and the potential mechanisms.Methods The pancreases of the rats were treated to collect islets cells.The cells were incubated with STZ with/or FDP.Cell morphology,insulin secretion,HO-1 activity,CO content,SOD activity,GSH-px activity,iNOS activity were examined.No conetent and apoptotic percentage was detected.Results HO-1 activity and CO content of the normal control group were low.STZ induced a significant decrease of cell activity and insulin release,flow cytometry analysis showed that apoptotic percentage of islet cells remarkably increased following the addition of STZ,FDP obviously improved the islets cellular activity damaged by STZ,basic amount of insulin secretion and stimulated by high glucose were improved(P
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To investigate the efficacy of hyperfractionated radiotherapy (HRT) for non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty patients with stage I-III NSCLC were treated in our department from Oct. 1995 to Jan. 2000. All patients had the pathological diagnosis. The patients were divided into two groups according to their entrance sequence: 25 patients were treated by HRT as the treatment group given the tumor doses (DT) 68.9-74.6 Gy/6-6.5 weeks, mean DT 70.3 Gy/6-6.5 weeks; 25 patients were irradiated by conventional fractionation (CF) as the control group given DT 64.2-70.4 Gy/6-7 weeks, mean DT 68.6 Gy/6-7 weeks. No patients received chemotherapy or immunotherapy before this treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The effective rate after the radiotherapy was 80% (20/25) in the HRT group and 48% (12/25) in the CF group (Chi-square=5.56,P < 0.05 ). The 1-, 2-, 3-year survival rate of the HRT group was 68% (17/25), 60% (15/25) and 36% (9/25) respectively. The 1-, 2-, 3-year survival rate of the CF group was 52% (13/25), 32% (8/25) and 20% (5/25) respectively. The 2-year survival rate was significantly different between two groups (Chi-square=3.95,P < 0.05 ). The 1-, 2-, 3-year local progression free-rate of the HRT group was 72% (18/25), 60% (15/25) and 44% (11/25) respectively. The 1 , 2 , 3 year local progression free rate of the CF group was 64% (16/25), 48% (12/25) and 32% (8/25) respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>According to the direct calculation, the efficacy of HRT for NSCLC is higher than that of CF. It is necessary to follow up the long term survival for the patients treated with HRT.</p>
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Objective To explore the antiemetic mechanism of propofol in patients subjected to laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ Ⅱ patients of either sex undergoing elective laporoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly assigned to three groups : control group (group C), ondansetron group (group O) and propofol group(group P) Anesthesia was induced with thiopental 5 7 mg?kg -1 and intubation was facilitated with succinylcholine 1 1.5mg?kg -1 In group C and O anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of 1 0% 1 5% isoflurane and intermittent bolus of vecuronium In group O ondansetron 4 mg was given intravenously before induction of anesthesia In group P anesthesia was maintained with continuous intravenous infusion of 1% propofol at a rate of 50 150 ?g?kg -1 ?min -1 and intermittent bolus of vecuronium At the end of operation neostigmine 1mg and atropine 0 5 mg were regularly given to antagonize the residual neuromuscular blockade Venous blood samples were taken before anesthesia (baseline), after intubation, at the end of operation and 6h after operation for determination of plasma motilin(MTL) level Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) was assessed according to WHO standard in four grades from no nausea to severe vomiting with gastric content Results In group C the plasma MTL level at the end of operation was significantly higher than that before anesthesia (P